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Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI) · 2608.18171 · 2026/08/17

Looped Language Models Improve Compositional Tool Calling

Popescu, Andrei Cristian, Borde, Haitz Sáez de Ocáriz, Liò, Pietro
TL;DR:循环 LM 做组合式工具调用:循环计算整体助益多步依赖型工具使用,深度越大多步准确率越高,自适应推理在算力-性能上更优。

🎯 问题

循环 LM 在推理基准上表现好,但 agentic 工具使用潜力未探索——组合式工具调用要协调多个 API 调用、维持中间状态、保留跨调用的依赖关系。

🔬 方法

在 API-Bank/BFCL/NESTful 上对比原生与改造的循环 LM vs 非循环模型,匹配 SFT 配方,控制推理时循环深度;也测了自适应推理(按需分配额外计算)。
章节结构(全文标题提取):
1 Introduction
2 Related Work
3 Background
4 Experimental Setup
5 Results
6 Conclusion
7 Limitations

📊 结果

循环计算普遍助益组合式/依赖感知的工具使用,孤立 API 调用上的增益更小且依赖模型;多步工具使用准确率随循环深度上升,自适应推理算力-性能权衡更优。

💡 与研究方向关联

「同一权重多次复用=隐式并行/深推理」与 duplex 推理层把思考塞进多次迭代的思路呼应;循环深度是 agent 架构层的可调旋钮。

📝 原文摘要

▶ 原文摘要 Abstract
Looped language models have shown promising results on reasoning benchmarks, yet their potential for agentic tool use remains largely unexplored. We study this question in compositional tool-calling settings, where models must coordinate multiple API calls, maintain intermediate state, and preserve dependencies across tool interactions. We evaluate native and retrofitted looped language models on API-Bank, BFCL, and NESTful, comparing looped and non-looped models trained under matched supervised fine-tuning recipes and varying recurrent depth at inference time. In controlled experiments, recurrent computation generally benefits compositional and dependency-aware tool use, while providing smaller and more model-dependent gains on isolated API invocation. Accuracy on multi-step tool use generally increases with recurrent depth; adaptive inference, however, achieves a more favorable compute-performance trade-off by allocating additional computation only when needed. Our results suggest that looped language models are a promising architecture for agentic systems that require reliable planning, coordination, and execution of compositional tool use workflows.
Deep Read · 2026-08-21高松灯 / Agent 日报
Looped LMTool CallingCompositionRecurrent Depth